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Effect of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury on leptin and orexin-A levels
LIN Ji, YAN Guangtao, HAO Xiuhua, ZHANG Kai, GAO Xiaoning, LIAO Jie
Frontiers of Medicine 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1, Pages 87-92 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0017-3
Keywords: significant difference intestinal I/R transcriptase-polymerase metabolic central secretory
Altered intestinal microbiota associated with colorectal cancer
Hong Zhang, Ying Chang, Qingqing Zheng, Rong Zhang, Cheng Hu, Weiping Jia
Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 4, Pages 461-470 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0695-7
Keywords: colorectal cancer (CRC) gut microbiota intestinal <i>Eubacteriumi> <i>Devosiai>
Inhibition of NO emission by adding antioxidant mixture in
PRABU,R. B. ANAND
Frontiers in Energy 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages 238-245 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0356-8
Keywords: NO emission antioxidants Succinimide <i>Ni> <i>Ni>-dimethyl-<i>pi>-phenylenediamine-dihydrochloride <i>Ni>-phenyl-<i>pi>-phenylenediamine
A photolysis coefficient for characterizing the response of aqueous constituents to photolysis
David R. HOKANSON,Ke LI,R. Rhodes TRUSSELL
Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages 428-437 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0780-3
Keywords: UV photolysis disinfection advanced oxidation <i>Ni>-nitrosodimethylamine quantum yield absorption
ADT-OH improves intestinal barrier function and remodels the gut microbiota in DSS-induced colitis
Frontiers of Medicine Pages 972-992 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0990-1
Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease ADT-OH intestinal permeability gut microbiota
Kinematical synthesis of an inversion of the double linked fourbar for morphing wing applications
AGUIRREBEITIA, R. AVILéS, I. FERNáNDEZ, M. ABASOLO
Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2013, Volume 8, Issue 1, Pages 17-32 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0364-5
This paper presents the kinematical features of an inversion of the double linked fourbar for morphing wing purposes. The structure of the mechanism is obtained using structural synthesis concepts, from an initial conceptual schematic. Then, kinematic characteristics as instant center of rotation, lock positions, dead point positions and uncertainty positions are derived for this mechanism in order to face the last step, the dimensional synthesis; in this sense, two kinds of dimensional synthesis are arranged to guide the wing along two positions, and to fulfill with the second one some aerodynamic and minimum actuation energy related issues.
Keywords: morphing wing structural synthesis dimensional synthesis geometrical kinematics
Vahideh R. Hokmabad, Soodabeh Davaran, Marziyeh Aghazadeh, Effat Alizadeh, Roya Salehi, Ali Ramazani
Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 108-119 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1742-7
Keywords: <i>Elaeagnus angustifoliai> scaffold electrospinning human dental pulp stem cell tissue engineering
R158Q and G212S, novel pathogenic compound heterozygous variants in of Gitelman syndrome
Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6, Pages 932-945 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0963-9
Keywords: Gitelman syndrome mouse model compound heterozygous hypokalemia <i>Slc12a3i>
Yan Zhao, Chengcheng Zhang, Leilei Yu, Fengwei Tian, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen, Qixiao Zhai
Engineering 2022, Volume 17, Issue 10, Pages 170-182 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.09.016
Highlights
•Pan-genomic and phylogenetic characterizations of 109 L. fermentum strains were performed.
•No co-evolutionary relationship exists between L. fermentum strains and the geographical origins of their host Immunomodulatory properties of L. fermentum were strain-dependent.
•Some specific genes may account for the anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation of L. fermentum strains.
Emerging evidence shows that some Lactobacillus fermentum strains can contribute to the prevention and treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, 105 isolates of L. fermentum strains were separated from fecal samples of populations in different regions in China and their draft genomes were sequenced. Pan-genomic and phylogenetic characterizations of these strains and four model strains (L. fermentum 3872, CECT5716, IFO3956, and VRI003) were performed. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that there was no significant adaptive evolution between the genomes of L. fermentum strains and the geographical location, sex, ethnicity, and age of the hosts. Three L. fermentum strains (FWXBH115, FGDLZR121, and FXJCJ61) from different branches of the phylogenetic tree and strain type L. fermentum CECT5716 were selected and their anti-inflammatory and immune modulatory activities in a dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model were further investigated. Both L. fermentum FXJCJ61 and CECT5716 significantly alleviated UC by reducing all colitis-associated histological indices, maintaining mucosal integrity, and stimulating replenishment of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), while the other two strains failed to offer similar protection. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of L. fermentum FXJCJ61 and CECT5716 were related to the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway activation and enhancement of interleukin 10 (IL-10) production. Comparative genomic analysis of these strains identified candidate genes that may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of specific L. fermentum strains.
Keywords: <i>Lactobacillus fermentumi> Ulcerative colitis Anti-inflammation Phylogenetic analysis Comparative
SANTOS,Jorge I. FAJARDO,Alvaro R. CUJI,Jaime A. GARCÍA,Luis E. GARZÓN,Luis M. LÓPEZ
Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2015, Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages 287-293 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0346-x
A polymeric natural fiber-reinforced composite is developed by extrusion and injection molding process. The shrinkage and warpage of high-density polyethylene reinforced with short natural fibers of Guadua angustifolia Kunth are analyzed by experimental measurements and computer simulations. Autodesk Moldflow® and Solid Works® are employed to simulate both volumetric shrinkage and warpage of injected parts at different configurations: 0 wt.%, 20 wt.%, 30 wt.% and 40 wt.% reinforcing on shrinkage and warpage behavior of polymer composite. Become evident the restrictive effect of reinforcing on the volumetric shrinkage and warpage of injected parts. The results indicate that volumetric shrinkage of natural composite is reduced up to 58% with fiber increasing, whereas the warpage shows a reduction form 79% to 86% with major fiber content. These results suggest that it is a highly beneficial use of natural fibers to improve the assembly properties of polymeric natural fiber-reinforced composites.
Keywords: biocomposite natural fiber shrinkage simulation warpage
Dance, Brekhna Hassan, Timothy R. Walsh
Engineering 2022, Volume 15, Issue 8, Pages 45-56 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.01.013
This study was designed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) using a "One-Health" approach in Laos and to predict whether any dominant plasmid backbone and/or strain type influences the dissemination of mcr. We collected 673 samples from humans (rectal normal flora), poultry, and the environment (water, flies, birds, etc.) in Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos), from May to September 2018. A total of 238 Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from nonduplicative samples, consisting of 98 MCR-positive E. coli (MCRPEC) ("mcr" denotes the gene encoding mobile colistin resistance, and "MCR" denotes the subsequent protein encoded by mcr) and 140 MCRnegative E. coli (MCRNEC), were characterized by phenotype and Illumina sequencing. A subset of MCRPEC was selected for MinION sequencing, conjugation assay, plasmid stability, and growth kinetics in vitro. The prevalence of MCRPEC was found to be 14.6% (98/673), with the highest prevalence in human rectal swabs (45.9% (45/98), p < 0.0001, odds ratio (OR): 0.125, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.077–0.202). The percentages of MCRPEC from other samples were 14.3% (2/14) in dog feces, 12.0% (24/200) in flies, 11.0% (11/100) in chicken meat, 8.9% (8/90) in chicken cloacal, 8.0% (4/50) in chicken caeca, and 7.5% (4/53) in wastewater. MCRPEC was significantly more resistant to co-amoxiclav, sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin than MCRNEC (p < 0.05). Genomic analysis revealed the distribution of MCRPEC among diverse clonal types. The putative plasmid Inc types associated with mcr-1 were IncX4, IncHI2, IncP1, IncI2, and IncFIA, and those associated with mcr-3 were IncFII, IncFIA, IncFIB, IncP1, and IncR. Recovery of highly similar plasmids from both flies and other sampling sectors implied the role of flies in the dissemination of mcr-1. mcr-positive plasmids were shown to be conjugative, and a significantly high transfer rate into a hypervirulent clone ST1193 was observed. Plasmids containing mcr irrespective of Inc type were highly stable and invariably did not exert a fitness effect upon introduction into a new host. These findings signify the urgent need for a standard infection control program to radically decontaminate the source of resistance.
Keywords: Colistin resistance <i>mcri> <i>Escherichia colii> Laos Horizontal transmission
Cai, Zhangqi Shen, Shaolin Wang, Juan Li, Rong Zhang, Yuebin Ke, Congming Wu, Jianzhong Shen, Timothy R.
Engineering 2022, Volume 15, Issue 8, Pages 24-33 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.07.030
Although carbapenem use is prohibited in animals in China, carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC), especially New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing strains, are widely prevalent in foodproducing animals. At present, the impact of livestock-associated CREC strains on human populations at the national level is unknown. Here, we conduct a retrospective cross-sectional study to investigate the prevalence of CREC from clinical settings across 22 Chinese provinces or municipalities and analyze anthropogenic factors associated with their presence. We also ascertain the blaNDM and blaKPC abundance among pig and chicken farms and present a detailed genomic framework for CREC of animal and human origin. Overall, 631/29799 (2.1%) clinical Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates were identified as CREC. Multivariable analysis revealed that being male, an age below 1, an age between 13 and 18, provinces with greater chicken production, and provinces with higher pig production were associated with higher odds of CREC infection. In general, 73.8% (n = 45/61) of pig farms and 62.2% (n = 28/45) of chicken farms had a blaNDM abundance of 1×10-5 to 1×10-3 and 1×10-3 to 1×10-2, respectively. Among all the Chinese NDM-positive E. coli (n = 463) available at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), the genomic analysis revealed that blaNDM-5 and IncX3 were the predominant carbapenemase gene-plasmid combination, while a highly homogeneous relationship between NDM-positive isolates from humans and animals was demonstrated at the plasmid and core genome levels. All the findings suggest frequent CREC transmission between humans and animals, indicating that further discussions on the use of antibiotics in animals and humans are needed, both in China and across the globe.
Keywords: Carbapenem resistance i>Escherichia colii> <i>blai>NDM-5 One Health Antimicrobial
Etiology of invasive candidosis agents in Russia: a multicenter epidemiological survey
Vasilyeva, E.R. Raush, M.V. Rudneva, T.S. Bogomolova, A.E.
Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages 84-91 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0612-x
Keywords: prevalence <i>&Scy andidai> species invasive candidosis nosocomial etiology MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry
Reconstruction and Dynamics of the Human Intestinal Microbiome Observed <i>In Situi> Article
Xiaolin Liu, Min Dai, Yue Ma, Na Zhao, Ziyu Wang, Ying Yu, Yakun Xu, Huijie Zhang, Liyuan Xiang, He Tian, Guanghou Shui, Faming Zhang, Jun Wang
Engineering 2022, Volume 15, Issue 8, Pages 89-101 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.03.015
The human gut microbiome has primarily been studied through the use of fecal samples, a practice that has generated vital knowledge on the composition and functional capacities of gastrointestinal microbial communities. However, this reliance on fecal materials limits the investigation of microbial dynamics in other locations along the gastrointestinal tract (in situ), and the infrequent availability of fecal samples prevents analysis at finer temporal scales (e.g., hours). In our study, we utilized colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing, a technology originally developed for fecal microbiota transplantation, to sample the ileocecal microbiome twice daily; metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses were then conducted on these samples. A total of 43 ileocecal and 28 urine and fecal samples were collected from five healthy volunteers. The ileocecal and fecal microbiomes, as profiled in the five volunteers, were found to be similar in metagenomic profiling, yet their active genes (metatranscriptome) were found to be highly distinct. Both microbiomes were perturbed after laxative exposure; over time, they exhibited reduced dissimilarity to their pre-treatment state, thereby demonstrating resilience as an innate property of the gut microbiome, although they did not fully recover within our observation time window. Sampling of the ileocecal microbiome during the day and at night revealed the existence of diurnal rhythms in a series of bacterial species and functional pathways, particularly those related to short-chain fatty acid production, such as Propionibacterium acnes and coenzyme A biosynthesis II. Autocorrelation analysis and fluctuations decomposition further indicated the significant periodicity of the diurnal oscillations. Metabolomic profiling in the fecal and urine samples mirrored the perturbance and recovery in the gut microbiome, indicating the crucial contribution of the gut microbiome to many key metabolites involved in host health. This study provides novel insights into the human gut microbiome and its inner resilience and diurnal rhythms, as well as the potential consequences of these to the host.
Keywords: Diurnal rhythm Reconstruction Metagenome Metatranscriptome Metabolome Transendoscopic enteral tubing
Non-thermal plasma for exhaust gases treatment
Elvia ALVA R.,Marquidia PACHECO P.,Fernando GÓMEZ B.,Joel PACHECO P.,Arturo COLÍN C.
Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2015, Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages 301-305 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0344-z
This article describes a study on a non-thermal plasma device to treat exhaust gases in an internal combustion engine. Several tests using a plasma device to treat exhaust gases are conducted on a Honda GX200-196 cm3 engine at different rotational speeds. A plasma reactor could be efficient in degrading nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. Monoxide and carbon dioxide treatment is minimal. However, achieving 1%–3% degradation may be interesting to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.
Keywords: plasma treatment NO<i>xi> CO CO2 particulate matter vehicle
Title Author Date Type Operation
Effect of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury on leptin and orexin-A levels
LIN Ji, YAN Guangtao, HAO Xiuhua, ZHANG Kai, GAO Xiaoning, LIAO Jie
Journal Article
Altered intestinal microbiota associated with colorectal cancer
Hong Zhang, Ying Chang, Qingqing Zheng, Rong Zhang, Cheng Hu, Weiping Jia
Journal Article
A photolysis coefficient for characterizing the response of aqueous constituents to photolysis
David R. HOKANSON,Ke LI,R. Rhodes TRUSSELL
Journal Article
ADT-OH improves intestinal barrier function and remodels the gut microbiota in DSS-induced colitis
Journal Article
Kinematical synthesis of an inversion of the double linked fourbar for morphing wing applications
AGUIRREBEITIA, R. AVILéS, I. FERNáNDEZ, M. ABASOLO
Journal Article
Effect of incorporating Elaeagnus angustifolia extract in PCL-PEG-PCL nanofibers for bone tissue engineering
Vahideh R. Hokmabad, Soodabeh Davaran, Marziyeh Aghazadeh, Effat Alizadeh, Roya Salehi, Ali Ramazani
Journal Article
R158Q and G212S, novel pathogenic compound heterozygous variants in of Gitelman syndrome
Journal Article
Phylogenetic and Comparative Genomic Analysis of <i>Lactobacillus fermentumi> Strains and the Key GenesRelated to Their Intestinal Anti-inflammatory Effects
Yan Zhao, Chengcheng Zhang, Leilei Yu, Fengwei Tian, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Wei Chen, Qixiao Zhai
Journal Article
Experimental evaluation and simulation of volumetric shrinkage and warpage on polymeric composite short natural fibers reinforced injection molded
SANTOS,Jorge I. FAJARDO,Alvaro R. CUJI,Jaime A. GARCÍA,Luis E. GARZÓN,Luis M. LÓPEZ
Journal Article
A One-Health Sampling Strategy to Explore the Dissemination and Relationship Between Colistin Resistance in Human, Animal, and Environmental Sectors in Laos
Dance, Brekhna Hassan, Timothy R. Walsh
Journal Article
Transmission of Carbapenem Resistance Between Human and Animal NDM-Positive <i>Escherichia colii> Strains
Cai, Zhangqi Shen, Shaolin Wang, Juan Li, Rong Zhang, Yuebin Ke, Congming Wu, Jianzhong Shen, Timothy R.
Journal Article
Etiology of invasive candidosis agents in Russia: a multicenter epidemiological survey
Vasilyeva, E.R. Raush, M.V. Rudneva, T.S. Bogomolova, A.E.
Journal Article
Reconstruction and Dynamics of the Human Intestinal Microbiome Observed <i>In Situi>
Xiaolin Liu, Min Dai, Yue Ma, Na Zhao, Ziyu Wang, Ying Yu, Yakun Xu, Huijie Zhang, Liyuan Xiang, He Tian, Guanghou Shui, Faming Zhang, Jun Wang
Journal Article